曲靖市1995～2003年急性弛缓性麻痹病例流行病学及监测系统分析

Analysis on Epidemiology and Monitoring System of Acute Flaccid Paralysis in Qujing City from 1995 to 2003

目的了解曲靖市急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)病例发病及监测系统运转情况,巩固和维持无脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)状态,及时发现输入病例,指导消灭脊灰工作。方法根据曲靖市293例AFP病例监测个案调查表、随访表,各年主动监测旬报表,用ACCESS2002开发的数据库“AFP管理系统”及EXCES2002进行统计分析。结果曲靖市1995-2003年共报告15岁以下AFP病例293例,年报告发病率为2.47/10万～1.25/10万,病例呈高度散发,其它各项监测指标均逐年提高,2000年全部指标达到无脊灰证实要求。结论AFP发病趋于小年龄组,易感人群依然存在;5年出现无病例报告7县次,初次就诊报告率低(39.93%),提示须加强监测系统的管理,加强基层计免工作,提高免疫接种率;AFP病例监测为消灭脊灰工作提供了监测资料和证实依据,脊灰的消灭为国家创造了巨大的社会效益和经济效益。

Objective The aim of this analysis was to learn about onsets of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) and the operation of monitoring system in Qujing so as to reinforce and maintain the absence of poliomyelitis (PM), timely detect the input cases as well as provide guidance to eliminate PM. Methods According to case investigation, follow-up and annual 10-day initiative monitoring reporting forms from 293 AFP cases in Qujing, statistic analysis was made using 'AFP management system' database developed by ACCESS 2002, together with EXCES 2002. Results Between 1995 and 2003, a total of 293 AFP cases below 15 years old was reported, with an annual morbidity of 2.47/lakh～1.25/lakh and a highly diffusive feature. Other monitoring indices increased year by year. Until 2000, all indicators reached the verification requirements for absence of PM. Conclusion The onset of AFP tends to occur in groups of young people and vulnerable population still exists; the fact that 7 counties reported no cases in 5 years and the low reporting rate for first-time consultancy (39.93%) indicate that it is necessary to strengthen the management of monitoring system, reinforce planned immunization work in grass-roots organizations and improve the vaccination rate; the monitoring of AFT cases furnishes eradication of PM with data and verified basis. Furthermore, the elimination of PM has created considerable social and economic benefits for our country.