阻燃沥青的研制

Development of Asphalt for Flame Retardancy

选用辽河AH-70号高等级道路沥青作为基质沥青,采用添加阻燃剂的方法制得了阻燃沥青。通过氧指数和水平燃烧系统地考察了十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、硼酸锌和氢氧化镁阻燃剂对沥青的阻燃效果,它们之间的协同效应,以及沥青在氢氧化铝、复合抑烟剂作用下的抑烟性能。结果表明,十溴联苯醚、三氧化二锑、硼酸锌和氢氧化镁分别对沥青具有一定的阻燃作用,其中,十溴联苯醚在这4种阻燃剂中阻燃效果优于硼酸锌、氢氧化镁和三氧化二锑,但其发烟量明显比其它阻燃剂大,三氧化二锑与十溴联苯醚之间存在着良好的协同效应,氢氧化铝和复合抑烟剂不但对沥青具有一定阻燃作用而且还有良好的抑烟作用。当它们按一定比例存在于共混体系中时,阻燃抑烟效果最佳,共混物的氧指数达到36.5%,水平燃烧达到I级难燃,发烟量较少。

Asphalt for flame retardancy was investigated by adding flame retardant to Liaohe 70~# high-quality paving asphalt. The performance of flame retardancy and synergism of DBPDO, Sb_2O_3, ZnBO_3 and Mg(OH)_2 were examined by using the method of oxygen index and comburent flame level. The performance of smoke inhibiting on asphalt between Al(OH)_3 and complexing smoke inhibitor was also studied. The results show that DBPDO, Sb_2O_3, ZnBO_3 and Mg(OH)_2 exhibit some positive effect on asphalt flame retardancy. The flame retardancy effect of DBPDO is superior to Sb_2O_3, ZnBO_3 and Mg(OH)_2. But it has greater smoke generation to the others. There is good synergism flame retardancy between Sb_2O_3 and DBPDO. Al(OH)_3 and complex smoke inhibitors act as not only good flame retardant, but also good smoke inhibitor. The effect of flame retardancy and smoke inhibiting are best when they were added to asphalt according to certain proportion. Oxygen index of asphalt for flame retardancy reaches 36.5% and comburent flame level is the first grade. The amount of smoke generation is lower.