广东省近岸海域麻痹性贝类毒素HPLC分析

HPLC Analysis on Paralytic Shellfish Poison from Alongshore Sea Area of Guangdong Province

于2001年和2002年,对广东省近岸海域的18个地点进行了贝类生物采样。采用Oshima麻痹性贝类毒素高效液相色谱法对贝类的主要毒素成分进行分析。结果显示:染毒贝类含有的高毒性毒素STX,GTX1检出率较低,而低毒性毒素C1,C2,GTX5及中等毒性毒素GTX3,GTX4检出率较高;与2001年相比,2002年染毒贝类毒素成分的检出率和检出的毒素含量有所降低,贝类消化腺在这方面变化尤其明显;主要染毒贝类是华贵栉孔扇贝、翡翠贻贝和长牡坜等;不论消化腺或壳内全部软组织,贝类毒素含量存在明显的地理分布差异,大亚湾和大鹏湾海域>深圳湾、珠海海域和粤东海域>粤西海域;大亚湾和大鹏湾的翡翠贻贝和华贵栉孔扇贝样品中,毒性效能较高的STX,GTX1和GTX4等成分均占相当的比例。

We collected mussels from 18 locations of the alongshore sea area of Guangdong Province in 2001 and 2002. Eight kinds of PSP existing in the shore of China have been analyzed by HPLC established by Oshima. The result showed that the higher toxicity ingredients STX, GTX 1 have a lower detected ratio ,and the lower toxicity ingredients C 1 、C 2 、GTX 5 and the medium toxicity ingredients GTX 3 ,GTX 4 have a higher detected ratio. Compare with 2001 ,both the detected ratio of PSP ingredient and the average toxic value declined in 2002 ,particularly in the ingest gland. the species taking on PSP are mainly C hlamys nobilis 、Perna viridis and Crassostrea gigas etc. There is an obvious geographical difference in the contents of PSP, whether in the ingest glard or the whole tissue, i.e. Dayang Bay and Dapeng Bay >Shenzheng Bay, Zhuhai eastern Guangdong sea area >western Guangdong sea area. The higher toxicity ingredients have a fairly high proportion for Perna viridis and Chlamys nobilis from Daya Bay and Dapeng Bay.