摘要
Epigenetics of human cancer becomes an area of emerging research direction due to a growing understanding ofspecific epigenetic pathways and rapid development of detection technologies. Aberrant promoter hypermethylation is aprevalent phenonmena in human cancers. Tumor suppressor genes are often hypermethylated due to the increasedactivity or deregulation of DNMTs. Increasing evidence also reveals that viral genes are one of the key players inregulating DNA methylation. In this review, we will focus on hypermethylation and tumor suppressor gene silencing andthe signal pathways that are involved, particularly in cancers closely associated with the hepatitis B virus, simian virus40 (SV40), and Epstein-Barr virus. In addition, we will discuss current technologies for genome-wide detection ofepigenetically regulated targets, which allow for systematic DNA hypermethylation analysis. The study of epigeneticchanges should provide a global view of gene profile in cancer, and epigenetic markers could be used for early detection,prognosis, and therapy of cancer.
