1951～2002年中国东、西部地区地面气温变化对比

Comparison of variations of surface air temperatures in eastern and western China during 1951～2002

利用195 1～2 0 0 2年全国733个测站经过非均一性检验的月平均气温资料,在剔除5 0万以上人口大城市测站后,分析了5 2年来中国东、西部及青藏高原地区的气温变化趋势的一致性和差异性,并讨论了其可能原因.结果表明我国东、西部地区年、季平均气温变化有着较好的一致性;近5 2年来,我国东、西部和青藏高原地区年平均气温均呈升温趋势,年平均气温的增温速率东部为0 2 6℃10a ,西部0 18℃ 10a ,东部比西部高0 0 8℃ 10a ;季平均气温东部地区冬、春季的增暖趋势大于西部和青藏高原,而其夏、秋季的增暖趋势小于西部和青藏高原.我国东、西部地区年、季平均气温变化关系密切,说明其主要是受全球气候变化的影响而变化,但东部年平均气温的增暖总趋势大于西部,又说明地域差异在气温变化中也有重要作用.

Based on monthly averaged surface air temperature data of 733 stations in China during 1951～2002,after rejecting 86 stations in the large cities, we analyze the consistencies and differences of the trends in surface air temperatures over eastern, western China and the Qinghai_Tibet Plateau and discuss their causes. The results show that there are close connections and consistency in variations of annual and seasonal mean surface air temperatures in eastern and western China. Warming trends are all significant in eastern and western China with a rate of 0 26℃/10a in eastern China and 0 18℃/10a in western China, respectively. Seasonally, mean temperatures also tended warm but the warmest trends appeared in winter in both eastern and western China. The annual mean warming trend in eastern China is more obvious than that in western China. In winter and spring, warming trends in eastern China are greater than those in the Qinghai_Tibet Plateau and western China, while in summer and autumn they are smaller in eastern China. The consistency of warming trends in eastern and western China suggests that surface air temperatures in both eastern and western China are influenced by global warming background. Whereas, the fact that the warming trend in eastern China is more obvious than that in western China implies that topography also plays an important role in regional temperature variations.