中国城市全球化与地方化程度分析

Analysis for Globalization and Localization of Cities in China

全球化和地方化以及伴随的全球空间和地方空间是新经济时代城市发展的重要外部环境,即全球化过程中的全球体系优势源泉和地方化过程中的地方据点优势源泉。中国城市加速其全球化进程的同时,城市竞争以及城市—区域一体化也在不同地区、不同程度地加剧和加速,城市发展取决于其全球性的链接程度以及区域竞争力的高低和地方根植程度。该文分析新经济时代全球化和地方化过程中城市发展和城市竞争的基本特征,通过主成分分析等方法分析中国城市的全球化和地方化程度。结果表明,中国东部发达地区的全球化和地方化作用相对显著;中西部地区由于区域整体竞争力低、城市区域整合度差,影响了该区域的城市竞争优势。

Alongside the process of globalization and localization, the space of flows and the space of place, as important external competition environments, are more and more important for urban development in the new era. They provide cities with the global system based advantages and the location based advantages alongside the globalization process. Besides the influences from process of localization, i.e. the regional competitiveness and the urban-regional integration, cities are more and more confronted with challenges and opportunities from forces of globalization and information technology in China. So the main goal of this paper is to analyze the degree of globalization and localization of Chinese cities. With method of Principal Component Analysis and the matrix analysis, the main findings are that the globalization and localization functions are remarkable for cities along the Eastern Coastal Regions in China. And cities with the most remarkable globalization influences are almost located in the East China, except for some provincial capital cities in the Middle and West China, such as Xi'an, Chengdu, and Wuhan. But cities with the most evident influences from localization forces are almost located in the East China. What's more, except for Xiamen City, they are all in the most developed (semi-)megalopolis regions, respectively from the north to the south, the Middle and Southern Liaoning Province, the Beijing-Tianjin Region, the Jinan-Qingdao Region, the Yangtze Delta Region and the Pearl River Region. Because of the relatively low regional competitiveness and the poor urban-regional integration, cities in the Middle and Western of China show limited urban competitive advantages compared with those in the Eastern Regions.