六安市生态安全关键地段的识别与分析

Recognition and Analysis on the Key Area for Ecological Security in Lu'an City

生态安全关键地段的识别与分析是区域生态安全格局设计中的重要环节。应用生态因子评分方法和GIS技术对区域生态系统进行敏感性区划,并对区域生态系统服务功能进行评价,得出六安市3个生态安全关键地段:大别山北坡水源涵养地、沿淮行蓄洪湖泊湿地和江淮分水岭易旱区。对这3个关键地段存在的主要生态问题及成因进行分析,从生态安全建设的角度提出对策:建立和实施科学合理的生态补偿机制;尽快建立区域生态安全预警系统;加大科技投入,实行科学规划,综合治理生态环境;转变经济发展方式,倡导各产业生态安全下的生产经营运行模式。

Recognition and analysis of the key area for ecological security is an important link in the regional pattern for ecological security designing.Using of eco-factor method and GIS technique,the region of ecosystem sensitivity has been classified and regional ecosystem services have been assessed.Firstly,based on land use structure,administrative district and physical geographical conditions taken into account together,Lu'an City is classified as six kinds of ecosystem units.They are forestland,farmland of garden,pastureland,wetland,land of industry and settlement,and non-use land.Then,five value factors are selected,which are soil erosion,water pollution,water resources stress,acid rain and geological hazard.By the aid of GIS technique,the region of ecosystem sensitivity is classified as four grades (best sensitivity region,higher sensitivity region,sensitivity region and weaker sensitivity region).As a result,spatial differentiation characteristics of integrated ecosystem sensitivity in Lu'an City are showed.Secondly,according maintenance of bio-diversity,water resources protection,flood storage capacity control,conservation of natural and cultural heritage,water holding and supply of ecological system product,ecosystem service functions of different ecological units are evaluated and classified as three grades,which are most importance,more importance and importance.The spatial characteristics of integrated ecosystem services are found out in Lu'an City.Finally,the three key areas for ecological security are identified: the water-holding area in the north slope of Dabie Mountain,lake and marsh along Huai River,Jianghuai Watershed drought region.The main ecological problem and cause are discussed for the three key areas;the corresponding countermeasures are put forward based on regional ecological security in this paper.Those are: 1) to establish and implement rational ecological compensation mechanism;2) to set up early warning system for the regional ecological security;3) to increase scientific and technological investment;4) to practice scientific planning and comprehensive controlling ecological environment;5) to encourage the new regional economic developmental pattern under ecological security.