北京环线建设驱动的土地利用变化遥感检测与分析

Research on the Land Use Change with Beijing Ring Road Driven Using Remote Sensing Change Detection

近年来,北京市的环线建设大大改进了北京的交通状况,促进了环线周边的商业发展和房地产开发的繁荣,同时也带来了环线周边地区的土地利用的变更。在“科技奥运”科技攻关项目和在研自然科学基金项目的支撑下,选择了1988,1994,2001和2003年5—6月份的TM数据,在影像经过几何校正和辐射归一化校正后对其应用高精度的自组织神经网络分类和利用高分辨率的航空照片验证;在分类数据和变更信息的基础上,采用了空间自相关分析模型、频率指数模型和潜力模型分别对北京各种用地类型的频率指数和建设用地的Moran系数和Geary系数,以及城市增长的潜力指她进行计算。一系列计算显示了环线驱动的北京市土地利用变化情况。结果表明:在环线建设的驱动下,北京市的建设用地围绕环线呈快速增长趋势;绿地面积在四环、五环的环线一带也呈增加趋势;城市增长潜力从四环到六环呈逐渐增大趋势。

In recent yeas,the transportation of Beijing has made a great progress in building up of the ring roads,which have promoted the development of big commercial sites and estate surroundings,at the same time,brought up the change of land use.The objectives of this research are to detect the changes of land use from1988to2008and reflect the improvement of the ecologiˉcal environment,which is also the object to support the2008Olympic games.Considering the above two aims,and after stanˉdardized radiometric normalization correction and geometrical correction of the Landsat TM image of1988,1994,2001and2003in May or June,these images are classified by SOFM(Self Organized Feature Map of Neural network)method.Then the frequency index model,spatial autocorrelation analysis model and urban expansion potential model are adopted in this paper to analyze the land use change information extracted from the classified information.The analytical result of these methods show that from1988to2003the city expansion tendency is obvious.The transformation from farmlands to builtˉup areas is the main resource of urbanization,from2001to2003the green land increased between the fourth ring road and the fifth ring road,and from1994to2003the urban expansion potential index of Beijing city is increased by degrees from the inner fourth ring road to the sixth ring road.Based on all these analytical results we can draw a conclusion that the change character of land use with ring roads driven and the urban expansion process of Beijing city centering the old city and surrounding the ring roads in the past decade.