超塑性钛合金的研究进展

Research Progress on Superplastic Titanium Alloys

简要介绍了国内外对α、α+β、β钛合金以及金属基复合材料的超塑性研究,并介绍了合金的晶粒尺寸、微量元素氢对钛合金超塑性的影响。结果表明,细化晶粒后,合金的超塑性能得到很大提高,表现在超塑形变温度降低100℃以上,应变速率提高1～2个数量级。晶界扩散控制晶界滑动是低温超塑行为的主要机理。氢含量低时,合金的伸长率与原始合金板材的接近,氢的添加可使合金超塑性温度降低。另外还给出一些超塑性钛合金的应用情况。最后指出未来研究方向重点为先进材料超塑性的研究、低温高速超塑性的研究以及非理想超塑材料的超塑性变形规律的研究。

Researches on superplasticity of α, α + β, β titanium alloys and titanium matrix composites were summarized in this paper. The influence of grain size and microelement hydrogen on the superplasticity of titanium alloys was also presented. The results indicated that the superplastic property would be improved greatly in titanium alloys with fine grain size, and the superplastic forming temperature decrease more than 100° c, and the strain rate increase 1 to 2 orders of magnitude. Grain sliding controlled by grain boundary diffusion is the main mechanism for low temperature superplastic behavior. The elongation of the titanium alloys with microelement hydrogen was equal to that of the matrix alloys, and their superplastic temperature will also decrease. Applications of some superplastic titanium alloys were also given. At last, the three key research directions were pointed out, which are the study on the superplasticity of the advanced materials, the superplasticity with low temperature and high strain rate and the superplastic deformation mechanism of the un-ideal superplastic materials.