氧气炼钢领域的里程碑和挑战

Milestones and Challenges in Oxygen Steelmaking

回顾了氧气炼钢工艺的发展历程和10个里程碑事件,描述了自热式转炉、吹氧强度达5m3/(t·min)的高速转炉以及采用添加煤、二次燃烧和废钢比可达50%的他热式转炉,给出了相应的操作结果。介绍了一种基于铁水和铬矿的新工艺路线,304钢的生产成本可节省100美元/t以上。归纳了电弧炉和氧气转炉的结合并比较了二者的脱碳速度,介绍了优化电弧炉用氧的精炼烧嘴。展望了全球氧气炼钢的灵活性和发展前景。

This paper reviews the history, developments and 10 milestones of the oxygen steelmaking processes. Special focus is placed on conventional autothermic converters, high-speed converters with blowing rates of up to 5 m3/(t·min) and allothermic converters with coal addition, post combustion and the possibility to increase scrap rates by up to 50%. Related operating results are introduced. A new process route that is based on hot metal and chromium ore is outlined. The cost advantage for the production of 304 stainless steel grade is more than 100 USGA1E7/t. The synthesis of EAF and oxygen converter steelmaking is outlined, as well as a comparison of decarburization rates and refining combustion burners for optimized oxygen management in EAFs. Possibilities of flexible steelmaking and the growth and outlook of worldwide oxygen steelmaking are described.