史馆渊源及其在中国史学发展中的作用

Sources and Function of History Center in Chinese History Science

史馆是中国封建社会由国家垄断的修史机构,使史书修撰有了政治上的保证,史料的来源更加全面、系统、连贯、有保障,可全面综合各种观点,摒弃一家之言,所修之书整体质量比较高,出版迅速,对我国史学的发展起了很大的推动作用。同时,史馆修史也表现出很强的阶级局限性,屈从权贵,材料缺略,人浮于事,史料利用范围狭窄,禁锢了学术争鸣,限制了史家发挥,对中国史学的自由发展产生了相当不利的影响。

History center was a state monopoly historical recording organization in the feudal society in China and its establishment ensured the revision of the history books in politics. The source of the historical materials became more comprehensive, systematic, coherent and assured. With synthesizing the various ideas and discarding the monopoly ideas, the revised books were much better and published quickly, playing an important role in the development of Chinese history science. However, this revision of the historical materials also presented the strong class limitations. It submitted to the influential officials and was overstaffed; the materials were not enough. As the historical materials were not used widely, it confined the academic discussion and restricted the historians' knowledge. This negatively influenced the development of Chinese history science.