制鞋厂苯作业环境健康危害和干预效果分析

Analysis on health damage in benzene-exposed environment and relevant supervision effect in a shoe-making factory

目的了解和改善某制鞋厂苯的职业健康危害情况,为防治职业病的发生提供依据。方法采用劳动卫生学调查方法。结果与分析车间空气中苯浓度整改前为3.85～52.33mg/m3,整改后浓度降至1.28～4.01mg/m3;作业工人自觉症状在整改后也有不同程度的改善,部分症状发生率与对照组相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);女工月经异常,整改前后明显的改善(P<0.01),接触组与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);接触组白细胞计数较对照组下降明显(P<0.05);血红蛋白(Hb)含量异常在整改后得到明显改善。结论加强职业卫生监督管理和卫生指导对促进职业危害因素监测和工人健康监护在工业发达的地区具有重要意义。

Objective To understand and to improve the situation of occupational damages by benzene in a shoe-making factory.Methods To adopt labor hygienic investigational method.Results The concentration of benzene in air was about 3.85- 52.33mg/m3 before correction and 1.28- 4.01mg/m3 after correction.Workers' clinical symptoms descended after correction.Significant differences were found in symptom morbidity between the control group and contrast group(P<0.01).Significant changes were found in female workers' menses abnormality before and after supervision(P<0.05),and significant differences were also found between control group and contrast group(P<0.01).The count of WBC were found to be descending compared with the contrast group(P<0.05).The abnormality of Hb had been improved after correction,and became closer to that of the contrast group.Conclusion To strengthen the supervision and detection on the occupational hygiene is a significant measure to improve the detection on the occupational damage elements and workers'health in developed industrial areas.