家庭结构对农村学前儿童性格特点的影响

The influence of family structure on personality traits in pre-school children in suburban areas

本文比较了北京远郊区２９７名来自不同家庭结构儿童的性格特征，结果表明，来自两代人家庭的儿童在好奇心、坚持性、伙伴威望、与人关系及对劳动态度上的得分显著高于三代人家庭的儿童。非独生子女在独立性、坚持性、任性、与人关系、自我中心、劳动态度上得分显著高于独生子女。女孩在独立性、坚持性、自尊心、与人关系、劳动态度上得分显著高于男孩，这些结果，对于我们怎样对待三代人家庭，怎样对待独生子女都有参考意义。

The authors investigated 297 4 to 8 years old kidgarden children in suburban areas of Beijing to exam-ine influence of family structure on personality traits of preschool children.Among the subjects 120 were from 3-gener-ation-family and 177 from 2-generation-family,151 were boys and 146 girls.The 33-item self developed question-naire was divided into 10 categories,namely 1 )curiosity;2)independence;3)persistence;4)strong minded;5 )peer pres-tige; 6)self-esteem ; 7 )relationship with others; 8)self centeredness; 9 )self-control and 10)attitude towards physicallabour. Children from 2-generation-family got significantly higher scores than children in 3-generation-family on curiosity , persistence,peer prestige,relationship with others and attitude towards physical labour.Children with siblingsreceived higher scores than only children on independence,persistence,strong minded,relationship with others,self-cen-teredness and attitude toward physical labour.Girls received significantly higher scores than boys on independence,persis-tence.self-esteem,relationship with others and attitude toward physical labour.