樟树人工林土壤水文-物理性质特征分析

Analysis of Soil Hydrology-Physic Properties in the Artificial Forest of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl

对樟树人工林林地不同坡向阳坡和阴坡的土壤水文-物理性质进行为期两年的观测和对比分析.结果表明:随土层深度的增加,土壤容重、最大持水量、最小持水量、总孔隙度逐渐减小,通气度减弱.土壤含水量呈现下降趋势、土壤水分年动态变化主要决定于降雨量和降雨的分布状况,与降水的年动态变化一致,6月份达到最高.依此确定出土壤水分消耗期、相对稳定期、积累期3个时期.阴坡0～20cm、20～40cm层的渗透性能均好于阳坡同层土壤,0～20cm层达到稳渗所需时间阴坡比阳坡短,分别为56mim和64min;20～40cm层达到稳渗所需时间阴坡比阳坡长,分别为48mim和32min,阴坡、阳坡0～20cm层的初渗速度和稳渗速度均大于20～40cm层.

<Abstrcat>The soil hydrology-physical properties of the soils adret and ubac of the forest was studied, through two-year observation(2003～2004) and comparision in the artificial forest of Cinnamomum camphora(L.)Presl. The results show: soil bulk density increases with the increase of soil depth. In the different layer the soil bulk density of adret is less than that of ubac. With the increase of soil depth, the maximum water holding capacity and minimum water holding capacity decrease, the air permeability is weak, the air permeability of ubac is better than that of adret, the soil water content decreases. The yearly soil water dynamic patterns are well corresponded with that of rainfall distributions, the soil water content of the forest is the highest in June. The dynamic of soil water content is divided into consumptive, stable and accumulative periods. The permeability of both layers 0～20 cm and 20～40 cm in ubac are better than those of adret, the time of reaching the stable permeation in layer 0～20 cm is 56 min and 64 min respectively for ubac and adret, the initial and stable permeation speed of layer 0～20 cm in both of adret and ubac is higher than those of layer 20～40 cm.