乙型肝炎疫苗免疫成功率监测结果分析

Analysis for Surveillance of Immune Effect of Hepatitis B Vaccine

目的 了解河南省城市郊区、农村新生儿乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗免疫成功率及乙肝病毒(HBV)感染状况。方法 对计划免疫综合监测点(城市郊区和农村) 1998年和2 0 0 1年出生的儿童15 4人,于乙肝疫苗免疫前、免疫后静脉采血,检测乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗 HBs)。结果 2 0 0 1年城市郊区、农村乙肝疫苗免疫成功率分别为90 . 0 0 %和88 .0 0 % ,均比1998年(78 .5 7%、5 8 .6 2 % )有所提高;1998、2 0 0 1年城市郊区乙肝疫苗免疫成功率(78. 5 7%、90 .0 0 % )均比农村的(5 8 .6 2 %、88. 0 0 % )高;农村新生儿HBV感染率较高。结论 提高农村新生儿的乙肝疫苗全程接种率和乙肝疫苗第1针及时接种率,是控制乙肝的关键。

Objective In order to investigate the immune effect of hepatitis B vaccine and the infection status of hepatitis B virus among newborns in the suburbs and rural areas of Henan Province. Mechods In 1998 and 2001 we investigated 154 children from EPI surveillance spot of Henan Province born in Jan.1-Dec.1,1998 and in Jan.1,2001-Dec.1,2001. Results The results showed that the immune effect of suburbs and rural areas in 2001 was higher than that in 1998.The immune effect in suburbs was higher than that in rural areas in 1998 and 2001. The infection rate of hepatitis B virus in rural areas was higher than that in suburbs. Conclusion The data suggest that raising vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine in rural areas is the key in controlling Hepatitis B.