维甲酸纳米粒滴眼液抑制后发性白内障的实验研究

Experimental study on retinoic acid nanoparticle eyedrops for preventing posterior capsular opacification in rabbit eyes

目的:研究维甲酸(RA)纳米粒滴眼液对兔后发性白内障形成的影响及对兔眼的毒性作用。方法:18只新西兰白兔被随机分为A、B、C 3组,进行晶状体囊外摘除术。A组为空白对照组,B组术后滴3 0 0 μg·ml-1的RA纳米粒滴眼液,C组术后滴70 0 μg·ml-1的RA纳米粒滴眼液。术后观察12周,行后囊膜混浊(PCO)评分及照相,比较各组晶状体PCO情况;光镜观察晶状体上皮细胞增殖情况并观察药物的毒性作用。结果:术后12周A、B、C组发生PCO的眼数分别为10、6、4眼。B组和C组PCO发生率低于A组,差异有显著性(均为P <0 .0 5 ) ,两用药组之间PCO发生率无显著差异(P >0 .0 5 )。组织病理学检查显示,A组的晶状体上皮细胞增殖较B组和C组明显,各组虹膜及睫状体均未出现慢性炎症反应。结论:RA纳米粒滴眼液能有效抑制晶状体上皮细胞的增殖,预防兔后发性白内障的形成,无明显毒性,并且使用方便,具有临床应用价值。

Objective To investigate the effect of retinoic acid (RA) nanoparticle eyedrops as a therapeutic agent on prevention of posterior capsular opacification (PCO) and the toxicity of the drug. Methods Eighteen New Zealand albino rabbits were divided randomly into three groups, followed by the extracapsular cataract extration(ECCE): Group A, control group; Group B, using RA nanoparticle eyedrops(300μg·ml -1); Group C, using RA nanoparticle eyedrops(700μg·ml -1).The changes of the posterior capsule were observed by slit-lamp microscope, ophthalmoscope and photography, and the toxicity of RA were evaluated. Results At 12 weeks after operation, the occurrence of posterior capsular opacification was noticed in 10, 6, 4 eyes respectively in the 3 groups. The PCO score and PCO rate of the control group were higher than those of the RA group(P<0.05). Histological analysis showed that the proliferation in the control group was much more intense than that of the RA groups. The iris and ciliary body in the RA group did not produce chronic inflammatory. Conclusion The RA nanoparticle eyedrops can inhibit metaplasia and proliferation of lens epithelial cells in rabbit eyes without obvious toxicity. It can be used as a potential agent in the prevention of the development of PCO.