尼古丁的抗生育效应

Anti-fertility Effect of Nicotine

近年来人类精子质量和生育能力正在下降,提示精子质量的恶化可能部分地归因于环境中毒物效应的增加。不孕不育仍然是一个重要的社会问题,最近的数据显示每4对夫妇中约有1对面临这样的问题。男性不育约占不孕不育的40%。例如,烟草中的烟尘和尼古丁等环境因子以及遗传因子均与精子功能的削弱及其所致的不育相关。本文评述了尼古丁对人类生育能力的影响。根据我们的研究结果,尼古丁被证明是一种像精子这样的生物样本的助氧化剂,它能够通过诱导膜的损伤、干扰GSH代谢循环、改变精子形态和活率、诱导DNA断裂等途径来改变男性的生育能力。补充抗氧化剂可部分地逆转尼古丁对精子功能的副作用。然而,尼古丁影响人类精子功能的具体机制仍需要进一步的研究阐明。

In recent years, the quality of human sperm and its fertility potential have decreased dramatically. This may suggest that the quality of semen has deteriorated partly due to the effects of increasing toxic factors in the environment. Infertility remains a major problem in society, and recent data show that as many as one in four couples is trying to solve the problem. Male infertility accounts for 40% of infertility cases. Many environmental agents such as tobacco smoke and nicotine and genetic factors have been implicated in the poor sperm function and resultant infertility. The article is a review of the impacts of nicotine on human fertility potential. According to our results, nicotine is proved to be a potent pro-oxidant to the biological samples like spermatozoa population and is able to alter the fertility potential of man by inducing the membrane impairments, altering the GSH metabolism cycle, changing the sperm morphology and motility, and also inducing the DNA fragmentation. Antioxidant supplementation could reverse partially the negative effect of nicotine on sperm functions. However, further studies are necessary to illuminate the other dark sides of nicotinic infertility in human spermatozoa.