汽车驾驶员神经行为功能与行车事故研究

Researches on the automobile driver's neurobehavioral functions and driving accident

本文应用世界卫生组织神经行为核心测试组合（ＷＨＯ。ＮＣＴＢ）对１２５名汽车驾驶员（事故组８５人，无事故组４０人）及５１名对照人员进行了神经行为功能测试。结果显示：事故组驾驶员中明显存在紧张－焦虑、疲劳－惰性不良情绪状态；事故组驾驶员与无事故组及对照组相比，其六项神经行为功能，尤其是注意力、反应速度和感知－运动速度较差；但在无事故组驾驶员中尚未发现明显不良情绪和神经行为功能状态存在；汽车驾驶员的神经行为功能随年龄增大而减弱，随文化水平提高而增强，并与其造成的行车事故之间存在着显著的负性作用。结果提示：神经行为功能测试可做为汽车驾驶员行车事故研究指标并用于职业选择和培训；严格从心理－生理、文化水平和从业年限方面挑选心身健康的优秀驾驶员，以预防和减少交通事故。

automobile drivers, including 85 drivers with accident (accident group) and 40 drivers without accident (nonaccident group),and 51 refrents (control group) were tested with WHO Neurobehavioral Core Test Battery (WHO. NCTB).The results showed that there were obvious negative mood states such as tension-anxiety as well as fatigue in accident group and drivers with accident had more poor neuro-behavioral performances,especially attention, response speed as well as perceptual-motor speed than drivers without accident and refrents. We also found that automobile drivers' neurobehavioral functions got weakened with their elevation of educational level. And their neurobehvioral functions were inversely correlative to accident they caused. The results suggested that WHO. NCTB could be an index of researches on driving accident that automobile driver caused and could be used occupational selection as well as training of the driver.