隧洞工程涌水处理的对策和措施

Countermeasures for treatment of gushing water during tunneling

涌水是隧洞工程施工中最为常见的地质灾害.对于深埋长大隧洞工程,要尽可能准确、详尽地获取隧洞沿线的水文地质资料,以指导设计和施工.对可能产生的涌水问题,可视建设阶段和具体情况,分别采取“报、避、排、堵”的对策.在隧洞工程施工过程中,对于可能产生涌水的洞段,要充分利用速度快、费用低廉、直观可靠的超前勘探预报手段,以便及时作出判断.凡对查明可能发生涌水的洞段,要分别具体情况采取相应的超前处理措施.切莫打穿渗漏通道酿成灾害.后处理难度极大、技术复杂、代价高昂.

Gushing water is the most common geologic hazard during tunneling. The data of hydrologic geology along the line of the tunnel are to be got as detail and precise as possible for its design and construction, when a long and deep embedded tunnel is to be excavated; for which the problems from gushing water can be dealt with the countermeasures of 'prediction, prevention, drainage and sealing' in accordance with the actual construction phases and conditions. During tunneling, the quick, lower cost and intuitionistic prediction methods of fore-probing must be fully used for the sections in which the gushing water is possible to occur, so as to make a correct judgement in time. Furthothermore, for the sections in which the possibilities of the occurrence of the gushing water have been confirmed, the relevant fore-treatments have to be made in according to the actual conditions respectively , so as to avoid the hazard from the opening of the seepage path.