大规模采煤对岩溶区水环境的影响

THE EFFECT OF LAKGE SCALE COAL MINING ON KARST WATER ENVIRONMENT

山西省是我国最大的煤炭能源基地，煤田面积６．１８万ｋｍ￣２，占全省面积的三分之一以上。探明储量达２０４８亿吨，年开采量２亿吨以上，本世纪末将达到３亿吨以上。山西的主要煤田（大同煤田例外）均开采石炭、二叠系煤层。含煤地层覆盖于寒武、奥陶系岩溶化地层之上，即煤田与岩溶泉域大部重叠，形成煤、水（岩溶水）共存系统。大规模采煤对岩溶水环境的影响是巨大的，已成为能源基地建设与运营的制约因素。

Shanxi Province is the largest coal energe resources base in China, the coalfield area is61.8 thousand km￣2 and covers over one-third of the area of Shanxi Province. The proved re-serves have reached 204800 million tons. The workable reserves are over 200 million tons forayear,and it will reach over 300 million tons by the end of this century.In the main coalfields in Shanxi Province are exploited the Permo-Carboniferous coalseams,which overlay the Cambrian-Ordovician karstified rocks. That is to say,the coalfieldsare mostly superposed upon karst drainage basin,which forms a coexist system。Large scalecoal mining has produced a great influence on karst water environment,which has become arestraint to construction and Operation of the energe resources bases.