玉米微波干燥特性及工艺参数的研究

Experimental Study on Characteristics of Microwave Drying of Maize Grain and its Technology Parameters

针对玉米热风干燥中存在的问题,运用自制的微波干燥试验测试系统,采用不同的质量比功率和加热时间及配套的工艺流程,研究了玉米微波干燥特性及干燥条件对干后品质、能耗的影响,分析了微波干燥玉米过程中单位质量功耗、温度、平均失水速率与玉米籽粒发芽率、爆腰率和淀粉得率的关系,确定了影响微波干燥玉米的工艺参数和玉米微波干燥的最优工艺流程。研究结果表明:玉米微波干燥主要处于恒速干燥阶段,应用微波技术既能快速而经济地对玉米籽粒进行干燥,又能保持其种用价值,且能改良其品质。

In view of existing problems in the hot air drying of maize grain , the relevant experiment of microwave drying of maize grain was done to study the characteristics of microwave drying of maize grain and the influence of microwave drying conditions on the quality of maize grain and energy consumption with home-made microwave drying and testing device by different heating power consumption , heating time and corresponding processing. The relations between different heating power consumption per gram, the highest drying temperature, dehydrating rate and germination rate , breakdown rate ,yield of the starch of maize grain have been analyzed. Optimum process has presented and the process parameters of microwave drying of maize grain has been established. The experimental results showed that the constant speed drying was the main stage of microwave drying of maize grain, and it can not only dry maize grain efficiently, but also maintain the maize grain plantable value and excellent edible quality after drying process.