非洲军事政变:老问题引发新关注

Military Coup d'Etat in Africa: Old Problem Initiates New Attentions

军事政变是非洲国家历史上广泛经历的一种政治现象。多哥政局由“政变”向“宪政”的转变以及赤道几内亚未遂军事政变背后的钱权交易表明:遏制非洲军事政变既有乐观前景,也面临巨大挑战。当前,外部势力对非洲丰富油气资源的觊觎已成为军事政变发生的一种新动因,非洲联盟以及西共体等非洲地区组织已成为遏制非洲军事政变的中坚力量。由于导致其发生的各种内、外部因素的长期存在,非洲军事政变在短期内还不可能完全消除。对非洲军事政变的遏制有赖于非洲国家民主体制的完善、经济社会发展水平的提高、军队自身职能的转变,以及国际社会的大力支持。

Military coup d'état was a common political phenomenon in the history of African countries. The transition from coup d'état to constitutional government in Togo and the money for power behind the abortive coup d'état in Equatorial Guinea demonstrate optimistic prospects as well as severe challenges for controlling African military coup d'état. Currently, the external forces' coveting for Africa's rich oil and gas resources has become a new factor leading to coup d'état. Some regional organizations in Africa, like the African Union and the ECOWAAS, have become the nucleus to check military coup d'état. Owing to the long existence of various internal and external factors, military coup d'état in Africa cannot be eradicated in a short time. Only the improvement of African democratic systems, the enhancement of the levels of African economic and social development, the transition of the functions of military itself, and the massive support from the international community can bring under control military coup d'état in Africa.