论缔约过失责任

Responsibility of Contract Culpa

缔约过失责任是缔约人故意或过失违反法定附随义务或先合同义务给缔约相对人所造成的损失而应依法承担的民事责任。始于德国法学家耶林(Von Jhering)提出的“缔约上过失”的缔约过失责任理论,虽然在大陆法系和英美法系的发展各不相同,但两大法系都注意到合同订立前的预备性协议阶段,认为基于信赖应该赋予当事人一定的义务,即先合同义务。缔约过失责任理论的发展在某种意义上,反映了合同法本身的根本变革。

Responsibility of contract culpa refers to the responsibility that party one violates,on purpose or not,the legal appendix obligation or pre-contract obligation causing loss to the other party,which is originated from Von Jhering's contract culpa theory.Although continental law system and British-American law system develop in different ways,both of the two systems pay attention to the preparation stage before the contract making.That is pre-contract obligation,giving the party certain obligation based on the reliability.The development of this theory,from some extent,reflects the essential change of the contract law.