试论副词“全”的产生与发展

On the Origin and Development of the Adverb "quan"

本文在对语料进行全面调查和细致分析的基础上探讨了副词“全”的发展过程,即先秦汉语中“全”为动词和形容词,当其位于另一动词前充当状语时就逐渐虚化出副词的用法。这一用法始见于汉代,魏晋南北朝时期进一步发展,具备了后代副词“全”的各种用法。唐代进入全面发展的时期,但是唐以后用法逐渐趋于简单化,到了清代晚期则呈现出与现代汉语的高度一致。

To inquire into the developing process of 'quan' on the basis of over-all investigating and analyzing the language material, 'quan' was a verb and adjective in the Pre-Qin Dynasty. When pre-posted another verb as adverbial, it evolved itself into an adverb. This kind of usage appeared first in the Han Dynasty, and developed further in the Wei and Jin Dynasty as well as in the Southern and Northern Dynasty, obtaining different kinds of usage for the adverb. In the Tang Dynasty, 'quan' was in an over-all developmental period. But after that, the usages of 'quan' tended to be simplified. In the late Qing Dynasty, the word showed no difference from that in the modern Chinese language.