马克思的唯物史观与“以人为本”

Historical Materialism of Marxism and “Human-oriented” Theory

“以人为本”并非西方人道主义哲学的专利,马克思的唯物史观更非“敌视人的哲学”———经济唯物主义或“人学的空场”。考察马克思创立唯物史观的过程就可以发现,马克思扬弃了西方传统人道主义哲学中以抽象人来解释和评价历史的人性论原则,建构起了以实践的人和人的活动来解释和评价历史的唯物主义原则与社会主义观念。唯物史观把“以人为本”当作必须在社会主义的实践活动中加以践行和实现的原则,而不是将人的发展停留于纯粹意识形态的抽象建构。

“Human oriented” theory is not only belonging to the western humanist philosophy,but Marx’s (historical) materialism which isn’t a philosophy hostile to human-economic materialism or “absence of man”.If (researching) on the establishing process of historical materialism by Marx,we could find that Marx developed the (useful) and discarded the useless explaining-evaluating personality-rule of western traditional humanism (philosophy),and built up the completely materialist and socialist explaining-evaluating rule on history and human itself.Historical materialism takes the “Human-oriented” theory as a must rule in the socialist practice instead of an abstract construction in the ideology.