高压水射流破岩规律的数值模拟研究

A disquisition on breaking mechanism of high pressure jet impacting on rock

运用动态非线性有限元法和Hoffman破碎准则,研究了高压水射流破碎岩石的规律,提出了高压射流破碎岩石过程分为射流冲蚀破碎和锤冲破碎及两个临界压力的概念。研究结果表明,提高射流冲击速度、喷射直径、横移速度、射流束数,在35°至40°之间合理选择射流入射角可以提高射流破碎岩石的效率。

Via nonlinear dynamic FEM, using Hoffman failure criterion, some models of high pressure water jet cutting rock are built; and the process of high pressure water jet breaking rock is researched. The conclusion, which the process of rock broken under high pressure water jet is divided into hammer impacting break and erosional break, is proofed by test to be true. There are two critical pressure of breaking rock which distinguish the hammer impacting break and erosional break; and the mechanism of hammer impacting break is different from erosional break; there is a broken area of tension stress while jet hammer impacting rock. Through analyzing, increasing jet impacting velocity, broadening jet’s diameter, speeding horizontal moving, adding the number of jet bundle and choosing a proper angle between 35 degrees and 40 degrees can enhance the efficiency of water shoot cracking rock.