2Ho KK, Pinsky JL, Kannel WB, et al. The epidemiology of heart failure : the Framingham Study[J].J Am Coll Cardiol, 1993,22 (4 Suppl A) :6A - 13A.
3Remme WJ, Swedberg K, European Society of Cardiology. Com- prehensive guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure. Task force for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology[ J]. Eur J Heart Fail ,2002,4 ( 1 ) : 11 - 22.
4ACC/AHA Task Force. Guideline for the evaluation and manage- ment for heart failure [ J ]. Circulation, 1995,92 (9) : 2764 - 2784.
