微波从业人员外周血象调查分析

Analysis of the hemogram of the workers in Radar stations and satellite tracking telemetry and command stations

目的:检测雷达和卫星测控从业人员血象,为制定平战时相关人员防护标准提供依据。方法:分别以纽巴氏计数板法、沙利氏色柱比色法、煌焦油蓝染色法和瑞氏染色法检测330例雷达站和卫星测控站工作人员血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞(RBC)、白细胞(WBC)和血小板(PLT)水平以及网织红细胞(Ret)、中性粒细胞(G)和淋巴细胞(L)比率,其中近距离接受微波辐射的操作员(操作组)174例,远距离接受微波辐射的技术人员和后勤保障人员(后勤组)156例,对照组145例。结果:操作组Hb、RBC、WBC、PLT及L低于对照组,而G及Ret高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),后勤组Hb、RBC、WBC、PLT及L低于对照组,而G及Ret高于对照组,除PLT外差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),操作组与后勤组间PLT和Ret差异有统计学意义(分别为P<0.05和P<0.01)。结论:微波从业人员与非微波从业人员间的血细胞值有一定差异,提示现有防护制度仍有不足。

Objective:To provide support for the formulation of safety criteria for those who are concerned with microwave radiation by testing the hemogram of the workers in Rader station and satellite tracking telemetry and command stations. Methods:The levels of Hemoglobin(Hb), red blood cell(RBC), white blood cell(WBC), Platelet(PLT), reticulocyte(Ret), neutrophilic granulocyte(G) and lymphocyte(L) were tested in 330 workers who are working in Radar stations and satellite tracking telemetry and command stations. They were divided into 3 groups: operators' group suffered from microwave radiation at close distance, logistics group suffered from microwave radiation at far distance and control group. Neubauer hemocytometer , Sahli pipette colorimetry , Brilliant cresyl blue and Wright's stainre were applied in the examination . Results:The levels of Hb,RBC,WBC,PLT and L in operators' group were significantly lower than that in control group while Ret and G were significantly higher (-P-<0.01).The levels of Hb,RBC, WBC, PLT and L in logistics group were lower than that in control group while Ret and G were higher, with a significant statistical difference(-P-<0.01) except PLT. The levels of PLT, Ret in operators' group were significantly lower than that in logistics group ( -P-<0.01).Conclusion:Differences in hemogram observed between the workers contacting with or without microwave radiation indicate the existing safety precautions are not sufficient enough.