不同pH条件下除臭生物滤池微生物种群结构的分子生态分析

Microbial community composition and phylogenetic analysis of deodor biofilter under different pH conditions

采用分子生物学方法研究生物滤池中不同pH环境下的微生物种群的基因多样性,通过扩增细菌16SrRNA基因的V3可变区,结合应用变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)技术分析除臭生物滤池的生物种群的结构变化,并回收主要的DNA片段,采用PCR测序及T载体克隆测序,明确优势菌群的系统发育地位。结果表明,除臭生物滤池在不同的pH条件下,微生物的多样性及其丰度存在较大差别,强酸性对微生物具有较高的选择作用,与中性条件相比,微生物种群多样性相对较低。同时在滤池的不同层次上也表现出明显的空间分布多样性差异,序列比对显示硫氧化细菌在除臭过程中占有优势地位。为更好的处理恶臭气体提供可靠的科学依据。

Molecular biological methods were applied to analyze the genetic diversity of microbe community in biofilter. V3 variable fragments of genes coding for 16S rRNA were amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction. Then PCR-DGGE combined technique were used to analyze the microbial population composition and phylogeny of deodorant biofilter. The results indicate that there are prominent differences in microbial diversity and abundance between acid and neutral conditions. Owing to the selective pressure of extreme acidity, there is less diversity of microbe compared with that in neutral environment. It is demonstrated the obvious distinction of spacial diversity in different biofilter bed as well. PCR and T-vector cloning sequencing results shows that the sulfur-oxidizing bacteria are the predominant population. The research offers the valid scientific basis for better treatment of odorant gas and the theoretical foundation for application of bio-deodorization.