海洋碳循环研究的关键生物地球化学过程

Key biogeochemistry processes of marine carbon cycle

主要阐述了海洋碳循环生物地球化学过程研究的主要进展,包括海 气界面CO2 通量过程、溶解—颗粒碳的海洋转化过程、生物固碳与生物泵过程以及河口碳的生物地球化学过程。海—气界面CO2 通量随着海—气界面的扰动程度的变化而变化,而海—气界面的扰动程度主要由风速决定,各海域的CO2 通量各不相同;溶解 颗粒碳的海洋转化过程则是由海域的初级生产力所决定,是温度的函数,所以受时间和季节更替的影响很大;河口地带由于处在海水和淡水交界面,又有大量河流带来的陆源输入,所以总体碳循环的生物地球化学过程与大洋主体水域不同,碳通量主要由河流带入;生物在海洋碳循环中的作用不可忽视,浮游植物通过光合作用固碳,而浮游动物在垂直分布过程中通过取食呼吸和排泄作用使碳进行垂直迁移。

This paper reviewed the progress in biogeochemistry processes of marine carbon cycle which include process of CO 2 fluxes across air-sea interface, process of dissolved-particle carbon transforming, biochemistry process of carbon cycle in estuary and function of biological pump. CO 2 flux across air-sea interface varies with the characteristics of air-sea interface which was influenced by wind speed. Process of dissolved-particle carbon transforming is controlled by bio-and abio-factors such as temperature and season, organism community etc. Because of seawater-freshwater interaction, biochemistry of carbon cycle in estuary is different from carbon cycle in the ocean. It's mainly controlled by carbon input from rivers. The function of biological pump is very important in marine carbon cycle.