评价和奖赏对场依存、场独立儿童语言创造力的影响

Evaluation and Reward Effect on Verbal Creativity of Field Dependent-Independent Children

目的:考察外部诱因对场依存(VD)、场独立(FD)儿童语言创造力的影响。方法:114名10-11.5岁的FD 和FI 被试在期待评价、契约式奖赏的诱因出现前后分别写故事,用主观评判法在6个指标上评估其语言创造力。结果:期待评价时,FD 被试的创造性、想象力、构思新颖性得分显著提高,FI 被试无显著变化;期待奖赏时,FI 被试的想象力、修辞技巧、美感分数显著下降,FD 被试无显著变化;创造力基线水平上,FD 被试的美感得分显著低于FI 被试;FD 被试的智力成绩显著低于FI 被试。结论:FD 和FI 被试对相同外部诱因的反应有差异, 且在语言创造力基线和智力水平上也有差异。

Objective:To examine the effects of evaluation and reward on verbal creativity of Field-Depen- dent(FD)and Field-Independent(FI)Children.Methods:114 typical FD and FI children aged 10-11.5 wrote stories in evaluation or reward conditions.Verbal creativity was assessed using Consensual Assessment Technique(CAT). Results:In expected evaluation group,FD children's creative performance increased significantly on Creativity,Im- agery,and Novel Idea,however,FI children's performance had little change.In contracted for reward-connoting group,Frs creative performance decreased significantly on Imagery,Technical Goodness,and Aesthetic Appeal, while FD's performance had little change.FD's Aesthetic Appeal was significantly lower than FI in the baseline of verbal creativity.FD's intelligence score was significantly lower than FI.Conclusion:FD and FI children seemed dif- ferent in the way to interpret and react to extrinsic constraints,in verbal creativiw baseline and intelligence level.