海冰细菌研究进展

ADVANCE OF RESEARCH FOR SEA-ICE BACTERIA

地球两极海洋上覆盖的海冰为微生物提供了一个极端的生存环境。微生物在这环境中生存需要生理和代谢上的复杂适应机制。现有的研究表明,细菌在海冰中旺盛地生长繁殖,并在极区生态系统中占有重要地位。同时海冰细菌也已成为生命现象多样性等基础研究领域和生物工程领域的新热点。本文就近年来国内外在海冰细菌系统发育组成、生态生理学、生态作用和环境适应等方面所取得的研究进展进行简述,并初步探讨了今后海冰细菌研究中需要解决的一些问题。

Sea ice provides an extensive but transient habitat for the extensive microbial communities, referred to as uhe sea ice microbial community (SIMC). Bacteria represent a major group within these communities, as evidenced by measures of bacterial production and the microbial loop. They play a fundamental role in polar ecosystems. Apart from their ecological importance, the bacterial species found in sea ice have become the focus for novel biotechnology, as well as for the basic research on life forms diversity. This review introduces the subjects of bacterial phylogenetic diversity, ecophysiology, ecology, and adaptation. But some scientific questions remain and more study should been done in the future.