繁育川硬皮肿腿蜂替代寄主的筛选

Screening substitute hosts for mass rearing of Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae)

在室内用直接接蜂和药物麻醉寄主后接蜂的方法,对杉棕天牛CallidiumvillosulumFairmaire、粗鞘双条杉天牛SemanotussinoausterGressitt、苹眼天牛Bacchisadioica(Fairmaire)、星天牛Anoplophorachinensis(Forster)、玉米螟Ostriniafurnacalis(Guen啨e)、大螟Sesamiainferens(Walker)、桃蛀螟DichocrocispunctiferalisGuen啨e、鞭角华扁叶蜂Chinolydaflagellicornis(Smith)、家蝇MuscadomesticavicinaMacquart和黄粉甲TenebriomolitorL.等10种昆虫作为川硬皮肿腿蜂SclerodermasichuanensisXiao繁蜂替代寄主的适合性进行了系统的测试,比较了川硬皮肿腿蜂在不同供试寄主上的寄生率、出蜂率、发育历期、后代的雌性比率、寄生繁殖能力和冷藏对成蜂存活的影响。结果表明,不同寄主及寄主的不同处理间只有寄生率和出蜂率两项指标可能有显著差异,能反映繁蜂寄主的适合性。据此,从10种供试寄主中筛选出黄粉甲和玉米螟两种优良的繁蜂替代寄主,为该蜂的大规模繁殖及应用奠定了基础。

Suitability of 10 candidate insects as substitute hosts for mass rearing of Scleroderma sichuanensis Xiao was systematically tested by inoculating the wasp on the hosts directly or after anaesthetized with different anaesthetics in the laboratory. The tested hosts included Callidium villosulum Fairmaire, Semanotus sinoauster Gressit, Bacchisa dioica(Fairmaire), Anoplophora chinensis (Forster), Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), Sesamia inferens (Walker), Dichocrocis punctiferalis Guenée, Chinolyda flagellicornis(Smith), Tenebrio molitor L. and Musca domestica vicina Macquart. The parasitization rate, the wasp emergence rate (%), the immature duration of the wasp, the female proportion in offspring (%), the fecundity and the survival rate(%) of female wasps kept at 8-10℃ and 50%-60% RH were compared for the wasps inoculated on different hosts. The results showed that of above indices, only two indices, i.e. the parasitization rate and the wasp emergence (%), might have significant difference between different hosts or the same hosts with different anaesthetic treatments and could reflect the substitute host suitability. Two proper substitute host species, i.e. O. furnacalis and T. molitor, for breeding 玈. sichuanensis were selected from the 10 tested hosts, which laid a foundation for mass rearing and application of S. sichuanensis.