对“市场+农户”的理论研究

Research on “Market + Farmer” : New Agricultural Organization Mode with Chinese Characteristics

家庭承包制之后,农民获得自主经营权,开始了统派购体制之外的交换,交换在空间上的聚集形成了农产品市场。但是,此时的市场是封闭的市场,专业化程度有限。地方政府的介入实现了市场的扩展,提高了专业化的程度,通过垂直分工延长了农业产业链。市场的力量对分工后产业各环节进行协调、整合,形成了相对紧密的新型产业组织体系,构建起“市场+农户”的产业化模式,实现了农村经济组织体系的重构。笔者通过构建模型,对“市场+农户”模式形成的各个步骤做出了说明,并得出了两个重要结论。

After the collapse of People’s Commune, farmers gained the rights to sell the products. The conglomeration effect attracted the exchanges converged to some certain places. These places were the primal farm product markets. These markets were limited in different administration regions. Only after some countermeasures were taken by local governments, the market power was enhanced and labour division was deepen. Specialized farmers established new relations on the market. As a result, “market + farmer”, a new organization mode with Chinese characteristics, came into being.