南宋花鸟画的变化

The Change of the Flower-and-bird Paintings in the Southern Song Dynasty

南宋的花鸟、走兽类绘画较之北宋来,主要有四点变化:表现出充分的创作个性和特长,风格、技法呈多样性发展;注重主体与环境关系的处理,花鸟改变了北宋的全写实,畜兽则相反地转向了全写实;将北宋的长卷大轴,转为以册页和纨扇为主,向小型、精巧化发展;继承北宋文人画的传统,并发展出“四君子”、“岁寒三友”,以之寄托高洁情怀或民族气节,且将水墨花卉竹木的艺术性推进了一大步。

There are four kinds of change about paintings of flowers and birds and beast in the Southern Song Dynasty compare with the Northern Song Dynasty. Expressing full specific character and speciality, style and skill develops variously. Meanwhile, it stresses the relation between the main body and the environment. Flowers and birds paintings changes the paint realism and beast turns to the paint realism by which turns the Northern Song Dynasty' s long paper and big aix to the volumes and fans and to the small and exquisition. The flow-er-and-bird painting in the Southern Dynasty not only inherits the tradition of the Northern Song Dynasty but also develops four gentlemen and the three cold-weather friends to entrust the noble feelings or the national integrity. It pushes a big step to the artistic style of landscape, flowers and bamboos.