人上尿路病变腔内微探头导管超声与X线静脉尿路造影的比较研究

A comparative study of endoluminal catheter-based ultrasonography and intravenous pyelography on diagnosis of diseases in the upper urinary tract in human

目的:比较腔内微探头导管超声与X线静脉尿路造影对人上尿路病变的诊断价值。方法:导管超声及X线静脉尿路造影(IVP)检查30例病人。所有病例均经手术证实或其他检查方法验证。结果:导管超声对肾盂内肿瘤的显示率为92% (12例/13例),IVP的显示率为54% (7例/13例);大小<10mm的肾盂内肿瘤的显示率导管超声为100% (6例/6例),IVP只有17% (1例/6例);导管超声能够准确定位肾盂旁肿瘤,显示肾盂旁血管畸形,明确输尿管梗阻病因,而IVP诊断较困难。结论:IVP可作为上尿路病变的筛选性检查手段,腔内导管超声可作为后续性精细检查方法以进一步明确病变的部位、层次及性质。

Objective: To compare the clinical value of endoluminal catheter-based ultrasonography with intravenous pyelography (IVP) on diagnosis of diseases in the upper urinary tract in human. Methods: Thirty patients were examined by using endoluminal sonography and IVP. All the cases were confirmed by pathology or other techniques. Results: The detectable rate of tumor in renal pelvis as examined by ultrasonograpghy was 92%(12/13), and was 54%(7/13) by IVP. The detectable rate of tumor less than 10mm in size as examined by ultrasonograpghy was 100%(6/6), and was 17%(1/6) by IVP. Masses and blood vessel abnormality surrounding renal pelvis could be detected by endoluminal ultrasonography, but it was difficult for IVP. Endoluminal ultrasonography could be used to detect the reason for ureter obstruction, while IVP couldn’t. Conclusions: IVP can be used to display the whole shape of upper urinary tract in one picture, while endoluminal ultrasonography can be used to detect tiny lesions of upper urinary tract precisely, and to detect their positions within or surrounding urinary tract correctly. IVP is good for screening, and it is better to do endoluminal ultrasonography after IVP.