不同肥力下黑土土壤真菌数量年变化的研究

Study of Annual Quantity Changes of Soil Fungi in Black Soil of Different Fertilities

研究了东北地区不同肥力下黑土土壤在玉米一个生育期内真菌数量的动态变化以及与6种环境因子的关系。结果表明,不同肥力土壤真菌数量全年只有一个高峰值,但高峰出现月份不同;在0～2 0cm和2 0～4 0cm土层内,土壤真菌数量均为正常施肥区高于休闲区。0～2 0cm土层休闲区和正常施肥区的土壤真菌数量与土壤含水量呈正相关,2 0～4 0cm土层中休闲区土壤真菌数量与碱解氮呈正相关;正常施肥区土壤真菌数量与pH值呈正相关。土壤pH值和土壤含水量分别是休闲区0～2 0cm和2 0～4 0cm土层生态系统的主导因素;速效磷和碱解氮分别是正常施肥区0～2 0cm和2 0～4 0cm土层生态系统的主导因素。

The relationship between quantity changes of fungi in different fertility black soils and 6 environmental factors was studied through one stage of corn growth.The results indicated that soil fungi in different fertility black soils only reach the maximum in quantity once a year, but their maximums appear in different months.There are more soil fungi in normal fertility soil than in nonfarm soil in 0～ 20 cm soil layers and 20～40 cm soil layers.Water content has direct relationship with soil fungus quantity in 0～20 cm soil layers of nonfarm soil and normal fertility soil. Available nitrogen has positive relationship with soil fungus quantity in 20～40 cm soil layers of nonfarm soil and soil fungus quantity has positive relationship with soil pH in 20～40 cm soil layers of normal fertility soil.The leading factors of 0～20 cm and 20～40 cm soil layer ecological system of nonfarm soil are pH value and water content, and the leading factors of 0～20 cm and 20～40 cm soil layer ecological system of normal fertility soil are available phosphorus and available nitrogen.