20世纪的民主理论:流变与评价

Democracy Theories in the 20^(th) Century: Changes and Evaluation

本文对几种在20世纪产生过重要影响的民主理论进行了较为系统的梳理。它们分别是:精英主义民主论;多元民主论;合作主义民主论、参与式民主论;共识民主论;民主制的民主化等。这些理论反映了20世纪以来西方社会政治的变迁,也折射出各国所遇到的不同问题。尽管西方民主在制度的系统性建设方面取得了很大成就,但依然面临如何实现实质性民主这一根本问题。

Major theories of democracy are reviewed systemically. They are Elitist theory, pluralist theory, corporatist theory, participatory theory, consociational theory and democratization of democracy. All of them reflect societal and political changes in the West and different problems faced by various countries. Although there are great achievements in building democracy, the West still has to solve the basic problem of substantial democracy.