跳伞训练对空降兵血浆儿茶酚胺含量及甲状腺功能的影响

Effect of parachuting on plasma catecholamine level and thyroid function of military parachutists

目的 动态观察跳伞训练对空降兵新、老兵血浆儿茶酚胺、肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素水平的影响及新兵甲状腺功能变化,探讨空降兵对跳伞应激的适应能力。 方法 选择空降兵新兵40人(新兵组)、老兵30人(老兵组),一起进行跳伞训练,19 d内完成10次跳伞任务;采用荧光法测定跳伞前、跳伞后及休整10 d后血浆儿茶酚胺、肾上腺素及去甲肾上腺素水平;同时采用放射免疫法测定新兵组甲状腺功能(FT3、FT4、TSH、TgAb和TmAb)变化;同时记录心电图和血压情况。 结果 ①跳伞后新、老兵血浆儿茶酚胺、肾上腺素及去甲肾上腺素水平均明显升高(P<0 05 或<0 01),尤以新兵组升高更为明显并伴有血压、心率升高(P<0 01),其心律失常发生率也增高。②休整10 d后老兵组各项指标基本恢复至跳伞前水平;新兵组儿茶酚胺、去甲肾上腺素仍明显高于跳伞前水平(P<0 01)。③新兵跳伞后血清FT3 和FT4 水平明显升高、TSH水平明显降低。休整15 d后,FT3、FT4水平明显回降,但仍高于跳伞前水平(P<0 01); TSH水平较跳伞后明显升高(P<0 01)。 结论 ①跳伞训练对新、老兵均是一种强烈的应激源,新兵较老兵处于更强烈的应激状态。②血清甲状腺素水平的高低一定程度上可反映机体跳伞应激反应的强弱。

Objective To investigate the effect of parachuting stress on plasma catecholamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine levels and thyroid function in newly recruited and experienced military parachutists. Methods Forty recruits (recruits group) and 30 veterans (veterans group) from a parachutist unit served as subjects. The plasma levels of catecholamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine were determined with fluorimetry before, next day after and 10days after a series of parachute jumps (10 times in 19 days). The serum levels of FT3, FT4, TSH, TgAb and TmAb of recruit group were determined with radioimmunoassay before, next day after and 15 days after jumps. In the meantime, electrocardiogram and blood pressure were observed. Results ①The plasma levels of catecholamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine increased significantly after jumps in both recruit group ( P <0.01 ) and veteran group ( P <0.05);they restored initial values in veteran group 10 days after jumps, but remained significant higher( P <0.05) than the initial value in recruit group. ②The serum levels of FT3 and FT4 of recruit group were significantly increased and TSH was decreased markedly next day after jumps ( P <0.01). Fifteen days after parachuting jumps, the levels of FT3 and FT4 were lowered, but TSH remained significantly higher than initial value ( P <0.01). Conclusions Parachute jumping is a strong stressor for military parachutists, and the response to jumps in recruits is more intense than that in veterans. The serum level of thyroxine is a sensitive index for evaluating the intensity of stress response.