我国农区及农牧交错区绵羊与蒙古羊遗传分化研究

Study on Genetic Differentiation among Sheep from Agricultural Area and the Juncture Regions of Agriculture and Husbandry in China and Mongol Sheep

采用中心产区典型群随机抽样方法和多种电泳技术检测小尾寒羊、滩羊编码血液蛋白16个结构基因座上的变异,与蒙古国蒙古羊、我国湖羊和同羊的相同资料进行比较分析,探讨其遗传分化关系。除Alp和X p,结构基因座的基因遗传分化程度均低于7 341 7%,群体间遗传差异占5 370 5%。标准遗传距离、模糊聚类分析表明,湖羊、同羊、小尾寒羊和滩羊与蒙古羊亲缘关系逐渐疏远。遗传贴近度是否适合用于受研究群体和已知其始祖的现代群体之间的比较有待进一步验证。从结构基因座方面进一步证实小尾寒羊、滩羊的蒙古羊属性,揭示了5 个绵羊群体之间的部分遗传差异。

Using the method of “random sampling in typical colonies of the central area of the habitat ” and several electrophoresis techniques, the variations of 16 structural loci encoding blood proteins in Small-tailed Han sheep and Tan sheep were examined and compared with those of three other sheep populations-Mongol sheep, Hu sheep and Tong sheep to explore their genetic differentiation. The coefficients of genetic differentiation at the structural loci were all below 7.341 7% except for Alp and X-p loci. The differences among populations were less than 5.370 5%. The standard genetic distance and fuzzy clustering showed the phylogenetic relationships among Mongol sheep and each of Hu sheep, Tong sheep, Small-tailed Han sheep and Tan sheep gradually estranged. Whether genetic approach degree was fit to compare the relationships among the analyzed populations and their known founder′s modern population or not needed further verification. This study further affirmed Small-tailed Han sheep and Tan sheep had the properties of Mongol sheep and revealed partial genetic differences of five sheep populations based on the structural loci.