麻黄干浸膏及其单宁成份治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的实验研究

Experimental Study in treating Chronic Renal Failure with Dry Extract and Tannins of Herba Ephedra

经口投入麻黄干浸膏及其单宁成分，探讨对Ａｄｅｎｉｎｅ法诱发的慢性肾功能衰竭（肾衰）大鼠的治疗作用及其机制。结果发现：同期投药及诱发后投药，麻黄干浸膏能使肾衰大鼠血中尿素氮下降３７％、肌酐下降３５％、甲基胍下降７６％、胍基琥珀酸下降８３％、血磷下降３９％、血钙升高２８％，尿中甲基胍排泄量平均降低４９％～６５％。表明麻黄干浸膏可明显改善慢性肾衰大鼠的肾功能，纠正高磷低钙血症，特别是明显抑制甲基胍的产生，其作用机制：（１）抑制了肌酐的产生。（２）抑制了羟自由基（·ＯＨ）的产生，从而使甲基胍的产生量减少。提示麻黄有抑制氧自由基的作用。但是，麻黄的单宁成分Ｆｒａｃｔｉｏｎ２和Ｆｒａｃｔｉｏｎ３则无改善慢性肾衰的作用。

The effects of dry extract and tannin of Herba Ephedra on adenine-induced chronic renal failure in rats and their mechanisms of action have been studied. Dry extract of Herba Ephedra in dose of 10 mg, 20 mg and 30 mg/d with adenine(for 24 days) were administered to rats.After inducing renal failure (34 days),it reduced toxins in blood significantly.The action of 30 mg-dose was highly significant, BUN decreased by 37%,creatinine(Cr) 35%, methylguanidine(MG) 76%, guanidinosuccinic acid 83%, blood phosphate 39%,while blood calcium raised for 28%. But in 25mg and 45mg-dose, MG in urine decreased by 49%～65%. The mechanisms of action might be including(1)Inhibiting the production of Cr;(2) Inhibiting the production of hydroxyl free radical,blocking the conversion of Cr into creatol, thereby reducing,the production of MG from creatol. In conclusion,dry extract of Herba ephedra could improve renal function in adenine-induced chronic renal failure in rats, correct Ca and P disorder, and especially inhibit the production of MG. Fraction 2 and fraction 3 of Ephedra tannin had no effect on this renal failure model.