濒危植物缙云卫矛果实、种子形态分化研究

Morphological differentiation of fruits and seeds of the endangered plant Euonymus chloranthoides

对缙云卫矛7个天然种群的果实、种子形态进行研究,测量果实和种子的数量、长度、宽度、重量等22项形态学指标。结果显示:果实、种子的形态性状在种群内和种群间均存在一定程度的变异,种群间变异系数平均值从0.750(种子数/序)到0.062(种子整体形态,长/宽),相比之下种子整体形态最为稳定。在种群水平上,果实、种子的形态性状有一定程度的分化,但不与种群间的地理距离远近相关联。形态分化与环境因子的灰色关联度分析表明,在所研究的环境因子中,没有发现一单一因子对其形态分化起绝对主导作用,不同环境因子对同一性状所起作用不同,且同一环境因子对不同性状的影响效应也有差异。潜在的主导因子是土壤中的全钾含量、土壤厚度以及土壤pH。

The fruits and seeds of Euonymus chloranthoides were collected from 7 natural populations. Based on the data of 22 morphological characters of fruits and seeds,the morphological differentiation in the 7 populations was studied. The morphological characters of fruits and seeds show certain differentiation among and within populations of Euonymus chloranthoides. The average coefficient of variation among populations range from 0.750(the number of seeds per fruiting inflorescence)to 0.062(shape of seed),and the shape of seeds is one of the most conservative characters among the characters studied. The morphological characters of fruits and seeds among populations show certain differentiations,but such differentiations do not correlate with the geographic distance among populations. The result of the analysis on the gray relatedness degree between morphological characters and environmental factors indicates that none of the studied environmental factors plays the notable leading role to influence the variation of one single character. Different environmental factors can have different impacts on variation of a single character,while the same environmental factor shows somewhat different impacts on different characters. The potential leading factors are the total-K in soil,the depth of soil and the value of soil pH.