深受民族文化影响和制约的修辞活动

Rhetorical Activities Deeply Affected and Restricted by National Culture

修辞活动,实际上就是言语交际活动。民族文化对修辞活动的影响和制约可以通过宏观比较的方法进行探究。在对天人关系的理解上,中国人主张天人合一,而西方人则主张天人相分;在人际关系方面,中国人注重等级制度和中庸之道,而西方人张扬个性、崇尚法制,重视个人的价值和自由。在修辞活动中呈现出的不胜枚举的个案性交际形态,迫使人们以得体性为归宿,调整在异质文化交流过程中的修辞策略。

As a fraction of national culture, rhetorical activities actually are language activities of communication. Using the macroscopically comparing method, we discuss about the influence and restriction of national culture imposed on rhetorical activities. On the understanding of the relationship between nature and mankind, Chinese claims that the two are harmonious while western people maintain that they are separate; On human relations, Chinese think much of rank and meanwhile western people respect individuality, legal system, personal value and freedom. The separate conformations of communication, which are too numerous to mention one by one, force folks to adjust rhetorical strategies when they communicate between discriminating cultures, regarding decency as the end-result.