城市河流近自然治理——概念构架与治理设计

Near Nature Control of Urban River——Concept Frame and Measure of Design

河流是城市生态系统的重要组成部分,是城市的自然元素和景观组分,具有提供水生生物生境和水源、调节小气候、美化城市、休闲娱乐等多种生态服务功能。随着城市化进程的飞速发展,城市河流生态系统面临着生物多样性减少、污染加剧等多方面的危害。如何恢复受损的城市河流生态系统已经成为我们的当务之急。对城市河流的生态结构及其在城市中的生态功能进行了简要介绍,讨论了河流生态恢复的近自然方法,并对现有的河流生态恢复存在的问题及发展趋势提出了几点看法。

As a major part of city ecosystem , urban stream and river ecosystems provided diverse services which included aquatic habitat for fishing and other organisms , riparian habitat for terrestrial wildlife ,micro climate regulation, rainwater drainage, sewage treatment, and recreational,cultural,economic values. Yet the urban river and its riparian communities were distressed. Urbanization in most cases resulted in downgrading the integrity of water bodies and watershed in urban and urbanizing areas. The root causes of degradation were well known and included hydrological changes such as increased peak flows and flooding at one end and loss of base flow on the other. Like many urban waterways, pollution, channelization, and industry severed the river from people and ecology. Ecological structure and function of urban rivers would be brief introduced in this paper.The authors discussed the method and tenet of near nature control of urban rivers.In the end,the authors pointed out the existing problems of related research and prospected the developing foreground in developing foreground in this field.