爱因斯坦的科学创新思维方法论探析

A Tentative Study of Einstein’s Scientific and Creative Thinking Methodology

爱因斯坦是20世纪最伟大的科学家,他在科学探索和追求中,开创了一套崭新的科学创新思维方法。结合爱因斯坦的创新实践,探讨其科学创新思维方法,其意义是重大的。爱因斯坦的科学创新思维方法论的思想内涵是非常丰富的,而归纳起来主要包括:坚信自然界的客观性、可知性以及和谐统一性是其方法论的哲学信仰基础;对传统的怀疑、批判和叛逆精神是其方法论契机;大胆的探索性演绎的思维路线是其方法论路径;“内在的完备”原则是其方法论的本质展现;科学和哲学的交汇是其方法论的不竭之源。

Albert Einstein, the greatest scientist of the 20th century, in his scientific exploration and pursuance, has invented a set of brand-new scientific and creative ways of thinking. Therefore, it is of great significance to probe into his scientific and creative ways of thinking. Einstein’s thinking methodology, whose connotation is rich and full, can be summarized as follows: a firm belief in nature’s objectivity, knowability and harmoniousness is his thinking methodology’s foundation of philosophical belief; his suspicion and criticism of and rebellion against traditions are the turning points of his methodology; dauntless and explorative deductive thinking ways are his route of methodology; the “intrinsic self-containedness” is the essential demonstration of his methodology; the merge of science and philosophy is the source of his methodology.