迟发展效应的后发劣势与后发优势——对西部大开发的启示

THE EFFECTS OF LATE COMER: THE DISADVANTAGES AND ADVANTAGES OF THE LATE COMER——Implication to Western China Development

介绍了迟发展效应的概念,论述了其负面效应与正面效应———后发劣势与后发优势的内涵及相互转化。对我国西部大开发的启示是,西部欠发达地区能否崛起,能否赶上并超过先发地区的关键,是看其能否将经济发展理论及建设经验与当地的具体情况有机地结合起来,恰当地选择区域开发战略和经济发展的切入路径和突破点,适时地采取一些积极应对策略措施,挖掘、激活后发劣势中的正面效应,强化其相对优势成分,抑制其负面影响,顺利地跨越“瓶颈”,创造性地找到一条适合自己的发展道路,从而成功地将后发劣势转化为后发优势。

Based on introduction of the concept of the effects of the late comer, the paper not only discusses the positive effects, the disadvantages and advantages the negative effects of the late comer, but their contents also are introduced. The theory of disadvantages and advantages of the late comer inspires us that the late comer not only has positive effect but also has negative effect in its economic development process, and the regions which lagged behind will not always the laggard and have not the likelihood and hope of growing up, they can spring up quickly through the appropriate regional development stratagem and cut-in path and breakthrough in regional economic development. To overcome the negative effect of the late comer, and to actualize the goal of catch up the developed regions, following steps should be taken timely and properly. First of all, the late comer must be aware of the development critic pressure and vital crisis, and be sufficiently conscious of its inferior position. This is the first and necessary step for the late comer to the correctly aware of its inferior position and overcome the shortage.Secondly, the late comer should make good use of the advantages of the late comer actively, and get over its disadvantages in time, exert to conquer its disadvantages step by step. This is the sticking point of the catching-up course.Thirdly, in the dynamic process of development and overtaking course, only the disadvantages of the late comer be transformed into the advantages completely, can the late comer and the earlier comer change their positions thoroughly inversely. The implication to Western China Development is that the late comer has the opportunities to catch up with and exceed the earlier development regions. The sticking points of the underdevelopment regions growing ahead or lag behind, lie on whether the late comer can integrate the economic theory with its local development situations, and chooses the proper regional development strategies and the right cut-in route and breakthrough points. For the sake of realizing sustainable development of the Western China, regional development strategies must be changed, advantages of the late comer must be exerted, advantages of the late comer and institution innovations, technical innovations and knowledge development competence must be combined correctly also. At last, the positive countermeasures must be taken timely.