青藏高寒草地载畜量估测新方法的研究

THE NEW METHODS TO MEASURE CARRYING CAPACITY IN QING-ZANG ALPINE GRASSLAND

青藏高寒草地植被复杂,各区域混合牧草营养价值差异悬殊,因此,用传统方法以可食牧草产量为基础计算载畜量误差较大。根据若尔盖县辖曼试验区、红原县龙日试验区的资料和动物营养学原理,通过多年的探索,提出了"能量平衡"和"家畜生产水平"两种估算载畜量的新方法。105头牦牛的试验结果表明,能量平衡法和家畜生产水平法的估算值与实际载畜量基本相符。但以可食牧草为基础的计算值比实际载畜量高12.8—29.4%。

Carrying capacity is not suitable to be estimated by herbage yield in Qing-Zang alpine grassland, as different vegetation resulted in changing nutritive value of mixed herbage. Two new mathods, 'energy balance' and 'animal production level', to measure carrying capacity were described in the light of principle of animal nutrition. The experimment was conducted with 105 yaks in Nong-Ri farm, Hongyen county, Sichuan province and results indicated that carrying capacity estimated by 'energy balance' and 'animal production level'was correspond to reality, but the value by herbage yeild exceeded reality by 12.8～29.4 percent.