斜坡免耕玉米地使用克无踪减少土壤流失的研究

Application of gramoxone to reduce soil and water runoff in maize cultivation on sloping land

玉米是重要的粮食作物,在广西,80 %的玉米种植于山坡地,常规耕作造成大量的水土流失。本试验在坡度为17°、年降雨量为12 0 0～15 0 0 m m的生态条件下,分别采用克无踪处理免耕、无药物处理免耕及常规耕作等方式对玉米产量及土壤侵蚀量进行研究,结果表明:采用克无踪免耕技术,玉米产量与常规耕作基本相同,但土壤侵蚀量比常规耕作减少4 3%。通过对耕作成本和整体经济效益进行分析,该项技术比常规耕作降低成本4 5 % ,增加收入82 5元/ hm2 。

Maize is an important food grain crop. Since more than 80% of the crop lands are located in sloping land in Guangxi, soil and water runoff become a serious problem which are caused by traditional cultivation. The studies linked with reducing the runoff by notillage cultivation with weeding of herbicide Kewuzong (gramoxone) in the conditions of 17degrees slope land and 1200 ~ 1500 mm of annual rainfall. The results showed that the grain yields of maize were similar between notillage cultivation and traditional cultivation. The soil erosion in notillage cultivation lands was 43% less than in traditional cultivation lands. Comparing with traditional cultivation, the cost of notillage cultivation with using gramoxone was reduced by 46% and the income was increased by 825 yuan/hm 2.