助产士职业暴露与防护状况的调查研究

Study and analysis of the status of Occupational expose and protection of the maternity nurse

目的了解助产士职业暴露写防护状况。方法对127名助产士采取问卷调查。结果不同职称助产士均有不同程度被针头、锐器损伤和羊水、血液污染,其中师级和主管级有4个项目选择率在40%以上,上级在78%以上。不同级别医院助产士对职业防护的认知及行为存在差别,省市级最好、其次是县级,乡镇级最差。结果与全国常模相比,所有子宫全切患者术前均存在着明显的焦虑情绪;术前一天的SAS评分结果显示观察组的焦虑分值降低,而对照组则升高,两组有显著性差异(t=6.47,P<0.05);术后第三天SAS测评结果显示,两组均有不同程度的下降,但观察组与对照组组间相比仍有显著性差异(t=2.29,P<0.05)。结论我们的调查结果表明助产士职业暴露机遇大,要实施有效的管理对策,加强助产士职业防护知识教育,建立职业防护管理系统,制定安全可行的操作程序,改善助产士工作环境,降低职业暴露发生率。

Objective To investigate the status of Occupational expose and occupational Protection of the maternity nurse. Methods 127 different job title maternity nurses have been took part in the Survey by fill in the questionnaire . Results All the maternity nurses of those surveyed have history of injury by needle or other sharp instrument or contamination by amniotic fluid or blood of the gravida.40% of assistant and Director Nurse and more than 78% of practitioner nurses have been injury and contamination simultaneously.The degree of knowledge about Occupational protection of the nurses is different among different scale hospital and the province`s hospital is best, the small town`s hospital is worst. Conclusion Our data show that the occupational expose rate of the maternity nurse is very high,We should enact a set of management countermeasure and construct occupational protection system to decrease occupational expose rate of the maternity nurse.