陕北长城沿线地区土地利用驱动力分析

Analyse on the Land Use Change of Yulin Reglon

本文以陕北长城沿线风沙过渡区为研究范围,分析了土地利用变化现状、特点以及对其驱动力作了定量分析,结果表明:耕地、水域和未利用土地呈减少趋势,其它土地都有所增加,其中园地和交通用地的增长幅度最大。本区未利用土地所占面积较大,其中以沙地为主,土地沙化现象存在,并且有向东南呈条带状推进的趋势。退耕还林还草政策的实施,大量耕地转为林地和牧草地,同时,由于经济利益的驱动,耕地转变为园地,在近10年有12518.98hm2耕地转换为园地;建设用地占去一定的耕地、林地和牧草地;各类土地利用类型都有不同程度的沙化现象,尤其是牧草地沙化最为明显。国家对该地区的政策是耕地变化的主要驱动力,同时人口因素也是一个重要的驱动因素;未利用土地的变化是在自然环境背景下,深受经济和政策因素的影响,在自然因素中,风对未利用土地的影响是一个客观条件,但在尊重客观规律的前提下,通过政策宣传和经济鼓励等措施,以植树造林、退耕还林还牧为措施,加大地表覆盖度减少扬尘、风沙等危害,最终达到改善生态环境,实现区域可持续发展的目标。

This transitional area of sandy lands along the Great Wall line,inthenorthof Shaanxi Province as research range,thecurrentsituations and characteristics of land use and change were analyzed, At the same time ,the author makesquantitative analysis of thedriving forces.The resultsshowed that :Cultivated land, water areas and unusedland showed reducing tendency, other lands increased insome extent.the garden plotand the traffic land's growing are at the largest range among them. Unusedland wasrelatively large, mainly referringto sand ground. Landdesertification ,showing the tendency of movingforward to southeast. Because the implementation of the cancellation cultivated land andreturn forest and grass land , a large number of cultivated lands transfered to forest land and grass land. Construction land accounts for certain cultivated land, forest land and grass land. All kinds of land use patterns desertificated in some degree, especially the grasslands obviously desertificated. Government policiesin this areawere main driving force for cultivated land change, population factor was another important driving factor.The change of unused land was under the natural environment background , affected by economy and policy factor deeply. Among the natural factors, the wind was an objective condition to the unused land, but on the premise of respecting the objective law, through policy propaganda and economy encourage measure, planting trees, thansforming the land to forestry and grass land , strengtheningthe earth's surface cover degree ,reducing dust, sand andwind's harm , the ecological environment could be improved finally , and the regional goal of sustainable development could be realized.